NEULIFE Laboratories :: Goji Information

NeuLifeLaboratories :: Order Direct With Neulife labs Call Toll Free 888 205 7864

Live chat by LivePerson

Payment Processing

Back Lingoji™ (Lingzhi/Goji)

Goji Berries

Goji Berries are a very rich source of vitamin C, having 500 times more vitamin C per ounce than oranges, actually more almost any fruit you could name. They are also a superb source of vitamin A, not surprising because they are a really pretty red color. Goji berries also have vitamins B1, B2, B6, and E; they are becoming a famous antioxidant.

They are also a rich source of both selenium and germanium and have hence been used in a number of clinical trials involving cancer patients. When given to patients undergoing chemotherapy, the berries conferred significant protection for the liver. In Oriental medicine, they are said to correct chi deficiency, meaning that people with low energy, insomnia, heart palpitations, and even anxiety are more comfortable after consuming Goji berries. The berries have 18 amino acids (higher than bee pollen) and 21 trace minerals, linoleic acid, and more beta-carotene than carrots. They are also a rich source of both selenium and germanium and have hence been used in a number of clinical trials involving cancer patients. When given to patients undergoing chemotherapy, the berries conferred significant protection for the liver. In Oriental medicine, they are said to correct chi deficiency, meaning that people with low energy, insomnia, heart palpitations, and even anxiety are more comfortable after consuming Goji berries. The berries have 18 amino acids (higher than bee pollen) and 21 trace minerals, linoleic acid, and more beta-carotene than carrots.

In vitro studies suggest that Goji berries kill many kinds of cancer cells. The mechanism whereby this happens is believed to involve some factor that inhibits the ability of the cell to divide, thus lowering its reproductive capacity. A large study in Japan suggested that tumor growth was inhibited by 58% among the patients eating Goji berries as compared to the control groups. A study in Mongolia showed that patients eating the Goji berries had a significant increase in lymphocyte activity and that their blood began to resemble that of much younger persons.

Resources

Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Jun 27;471(3):217-22.

[A polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum upregulates cytokine expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.]

Gan L, Zhang SH, Liu Q, Xu HB.

Institute of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.

The production of cytokine is a key event in the initiation and regulation of an immune response. Many compounds are now used routinely to modulate cytokine production, and therefore the immune response, in a wide range of diseases, such as cancer. Interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha are two important cytokines in antitumor immunity. In this study, the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide-protein complex (LBP(3p)) on the expression of interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and bioassay. Administration of LBP(3p) increased the expression of interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha at both mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that LBP(3p) may induce immune responses and possess potential therapeutic efficacy in cancer.

PMID: 12826241 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2000 Mar 30;29(2):115-117.

[ Isolation and purification of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and its antifatigue effect ]

[ Article in Chinese ]

Luo Q, Yan J, Zhang S.

Department of Hygiene, Hubei Medical University, Wuhan 430071, China. A purified componenof lyceum barbarum polysaccharide (LBP-X) was isolated from lyceum barbarum L. by DEAE ion-exchange cellulose and sephacryl gel chromatography. LBP-X was tested on five different doses (5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg.kg-1.d-1) in mice. The results showed that LBP-X induced a remarkable adaptability to exercise load, enhanced resistance and accelerated elimination fatigue. LBP-X could enhance the storage of muscle and liver glycogen, increase the activity of LDH before and after swimming, decrease the increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) after strenuous exercise, and accelerate the clearance of BUN after exercise. The dosage of LBP-X 10 mg.kg-1.d-1 was the best amount among the five tested doses. PMID: 12725093 [PubMed- indexed for MEDLINE]

Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2002 Apr;31(2):118-119.

[Study on the composition of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and its effects on the growth of weanling mice]

[Article in Chinese]

Zhang M, Wang J, Zhang S.

Food Science Department, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.

In order to observe the effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP-4) on the growth of weanling mice and the absorption of some metals in the their body, the composition of LBP-4 is determined. 120 female weanling mice are divided in random into 4 groups. They are fed on LBP-4 at the dose of 5, 10 and 20 mg/(kg.d) respectively. The taken feed weight and the body weight of mice are recorded everyday. After 21 days, the content of calcium, magnesium, zinc and iron in pygal muscles and femora of mice is determined. The results showed that LBP-4 is composed of six kinds of monosaccharides that can enhance food conversion rate and the content of zinc and iron in body of mice, and reduce the body weight.

PMID: 12561548 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1993 Feb;18(2):110-112, 128.

[Experimental research on the role of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in anti-peroxidation]

[Article in Chinese]

Zhang X.

Beijing Military General Hospital.

In this work, the changes in electrical parameters of cell membrane of Xenopus Oocytes were determined using routine microelectrode electrophysiological technique after incubation of the cells in frog Ringer solution containing free radical producing system for 6 hours. It was observed that the resting membrane potential was raised, and the membrane resistance and time constant were decreased. The effects of free radical on the cells can be prevented and reversed by incubation with superoxide dismutase or Lycium barbarum polysaccharide.

PMID: 8323695 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Breithaupt DE, Weller P, Wolters M, Hahn A. Comparison of plasma responses in human subjects after the ingestion of 3R,3R'-zeaxanthin dipalmitate from wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) and non-esterified 3R,3R'-zeaxanthin using chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. Br J Nutr. 2004;91:707-13.

Cao GW, Yang WG, Du P. [Observation of the effects of LAK/IL-2 therapy combining with Lycium barbarum polysaccharides in the treatment of 75 cancer patients] Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 1994;16:428-31.

Dafni A,.Yaniv Z. Solanaceae as medicinal plants in Israel. J Ethnopharmacol. 1994;44:11-8.

Gan L, Wang J, Zhang S. [Inhibition the growth of human leukemia cells by Lycium barbarum polysaccharide]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2001;30:333-5.

Gan L, Zhang SH, Liu Q, Xu HB. A polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum upregulates cytokine expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003;471:217-22.

Hakim IA, Harris RB, Chow HH, Dean M, Brown S, Ali IU. Effect of a 4-month tea intervention on oxidative DNA damage among heavy smokers: role of glutathione S-transferase genotypes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004;13:242-9.

Huang Y, Tan A, Shen Y, Lu J. [Scavenging effect of total flavonoids of lycium barbarum L on active oxygen radicals and inhibitory effects on heat output from L1210 cells] Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 1998;27:109-11, 115.

Kimura H, Yamaguchi Y. A phase III randomized study of interleukin-2 lymphokine-activated killer cell immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy after curative or noncurative resection of primary lung carcinoma. Cancer. 1997;80:42-9.

Lam AY, Elmer GW, Mohutsky MA. Possible interaction between warfarin and Lycium barbarum L. Ann Pharmacother. 2001;35:1199-201.

Liu XL, Sun JY, Li HY, Zhang L, Qian BC. [Extraction and isolation of active component for inhibiting PC3 cell proliferation in vitro from the fruit of Lycium barbarum L.] Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2000;25:481-3.

Lu CX, Cheng BQ. [Radiosensitizing effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide for Lewis lung cancer] Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1991;11:611-2, 582.

Rosenberg SA, Lotze MT, Yang JC, et al. Prospective randomized trial of high-dose interleukin-2 alone or in conjunction with lymphokine-activated killer cells for the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 ;85:622-32.

Red Reishi Mushroom Clinical Information / Resources

Tao J, Feng K.Y. Experimental and clinical studies on inhibitory effect of ganoderma
lucidum on platelet aggregation. J Tongji Med Univ 1990; 10(4): 240-243.

Wasser SP, Weis AL. Therapeutic effects of substances occurring in higher Basidiomycetes mushrooms:
a modern perspective. Crit Rev Immunol 1999; 19(1): 65-96.

el-Mekkawy S, Meselhy MR, Nakamura N, et al. Anti-HIV-1 and anti-HIV-1 protease substances from Ganoderma lucidum. Phytochemistry 1998; 49(6): 1661-1657.

Kim RS, Kim HW, Kim BK. Suppressive effects of Ganoderma lucidum on proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mol Cells 1997; 7(1): 52-57.

Wang SY, Hsu ML, Hsu HC, et al. The anti-tumor effect of Ganoderma lucidum is mediated by cytokines released from activated macrophages and T lymphocytes. Int J Cancer 1997; 70(6): 699-705.

Hijikata Y, Yamada S. Effect of Ganoderma lucidum on postherpetic meuralgia. Am J Chin Med 1998;
26(3-4): 375-381.

Kim HS, Kacew S, Lee BM. In vitro chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides (Aloe barbadensis miller, Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor). Carcinogenesis 1999; 20(8):
1637-1640.

Komoda Y, Shimizu M, Sonoda Y, et al. Ganoderic acid and its derivatives as cholesterol synthesis inhibitors; Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1989; 37(2): 531-533.

Hikino H, Ishiyama M, Suzuki Y, et al. Mechanisms of hypoglycemic activity of ganoderan B: a glycan of Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies. Planta Med 1989; 55(5): 423-428.

Lee SY, Rhee HM. Cardiovascular effects of mycelium extract of Ganoderma lucidum: inhibition of sympathetic outflow as a mechanism of its hypotensive action. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1990; 38(5):
1359-1364.

Kim DH, Shim SB, Kim NJ, et al. Beta-glucuronidase-inhibitory activity and hepatoprotective effect of Ganoderma lucidum. Biol Pharm Bull 1999; 22(2): 162-164.

Yoon SY, Eo SK, Kim YS, et al. Antimicrobial activity of Ganoderma lucidum extract alone and in combination with some antibiotics. Arch Pharm Res 1994; 17(6): 438-442.

Chen K, Li C. Recent advances in studies on traditional Chinese anti-aging material medica. J Tradit Chin Med 1993; 13(3): 223-226.

van der Hem LG, van der Vliet JA, Bocken CF, et al. Ling Zhi-8; studies of a new immunomodulating agent. Transplanation 1995; 60(5): 438-443.

Thomas Bartram Fellow of the National Institute of Medical Herbalists, Bartram's Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine, the Definite Guide to the Herbal Treatment of Diseases: 368.

Linda B. White M.D., Steven Foster. The Herbal Drugstore: 570.

John E. Smith, Neil J. Rowan, Richard Sullivan. Medicinal Mushrooms and Cancer; (2):15; (3):26; (3):27-32; (7); (8).

Terry Willard, PhD. Reishi Mushroom Herb of Spiritual Potency and Medical Wonder; (3); (4); (5).

Huang K. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs, 2nd ed. New York: CRC Press; 1999.

Hobbs C. Medicinal Mushrooms, 3rd ed. Loveland (CO): Interweave Press; 1996.

Mao T, et al. Two mushrooms, Grifola frondosa and Ganoderma lucidum, can stimulate cytokine gene expression and proliferation in human T lymphocytes. Int J Immunother 1999;15: 13-22.

Shiao MS, et al. Natural products and biological activities of Ganoderma lucidum. Am Chem Soc 1994;
342-354.

Mizuno T, et al. Reishi, Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma tsugae: Bioactive substances and medicinal effects. FD Rev Inter 1995;11: 151-166.

Furusawa E, et al. Antitumor activity of Ganoderma lucidum, on intraperitoneally implant Lewis lung carcinoma in synergistic mice. Phytother Res 1992;6: 300-304.

Hsu MJ, Lee SS, Lin WW. Polysaccharide purified for Ganoderma lucidum inhibits spontaneous and Fas-mediated apoptosis in human neutrophils through activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway. J Leukoc Biol 2002;72: 207-216.

Gao Yihuai, et al. Mechanism of the antiulcerogenic effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on indomethacin-induced lesions in the rat. Life Sci. 2002 Dec 27;72(6): 731-745.

Chen HS, et al. Studies on the immuno-modulating and anti-tumor activities of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) polysaccharides. Bioorg Med Chem. 2004 Nov 1;12 (21): 5595-5601.

Gao Y, et al. Effects of ganopoly (a Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract) on the immune functions in advanced-stage cancer patients. Immunol Invest. 2003 Aug;32(3): 201-215.

Wachtel-Galor S, et al. Ganoderma lucidum (‘Lingzhi'); acute and short-term biomarker response to supplementation. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2004 Feb;55(1): 75-83.

Wachtel-Galor S, Tomlinson B, Benzie IF. Ganoderma lucidum ("Lingzhi"), a Chinese medicinal mushroom: biomarker responses in a controlled human supplementation study. Br J Nutr. 2004 Feb;91(2): 263-269.

Futrakul N, et al. Ganoderma lucidum suppresses endothelial cell cytotoxicity and proteinuria in persistent proteinuric focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) nephrosis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2004;31(4): 267-272.